Attorney. He gained recognition as a Hungarian-born American attorney who became a Nazi War crimes investigator and Chief Prosecutor for the U.S. Army at the Einsatzgruppen trial, one of twelve subsequent Nuremberg Trials held in Nuremberg, Germany after World War II. At the time of his death, he was the last surviving Nuremberg prosecutor. Benjamin Berell Ferencz was born in a Jewish household in a part of Hungary, which is now in north-western Romania. When he was only ten months old, his family emigrated to the United States to avoid the growing persecution of the Jews in that region. He grew up on the Lower East Side of Manhattan in New York City. His early interests and studies in crime prevention eventually landed him a scholarship to the prestigious Harvard University Law School. After graduating in 1943, he joined the U.S. Army. During World War II, he was eventually assigned to the 115th AAA (Anti-Aircraft Artillery) Battalion. Having fought in numerous battles in the European Theater of Operations, his unit was awarded five battle stars. After being transferred in 1945 to Patton's 3rd Army Headquarters, he witnessed the horrors of Nazi concentration camps firsthand before being tasked with establishing a War Crimes branch, conducting investigations, and collecting evidence. He was honorably discharged from the Army on Christmas Day of 1945, then immediately recruited to be part of the Nuremberg trials legal team. Within weeks, he became a prosecutor. In 1947 during trial #9, he prosecuted 22 Nazi officers of the Einsatzgruppen, a paramilitary death squad. All were found guilty of murdering millions, with 14 sentenced to death, although only four were executed. After the trials had concluded, he participated in starting the reparation and rehabilitation programs for the victims of Nazi crimes. Finally, after returning home to the United States, he began a private legal practice. He later left that practice to work toward the institution of an International Crime Court. From 1985 to 1996, he was an adjunct professor of international law at Pace University in New York. He published several books and successfully argued for the permanent establishment of an International Crime Court, which was created posthumously in 2002. Including the Congressional Gold Medal in 2022, he has been bestowed with countless international awards, honors, titles, medals, and peace prizes for playing a key role in advancing the cause of international justice during his nearly eighty-year career. In 1946, he married his longtime girlfriend, and they remained married for 73 years until her death in 2019. They had four children together.