Nobel Peace Prize Recipient. Christian Lous Lange received world-wide recognition after being awarded the 1921 Nobel Peace Prize. He shared jointly the coveted award with Hjalmar Branting. The two men received the award, according to the Nobel Prize Committee, "for their lifelong contributions to the cause of peace and organized internationalism." He received seven nominations for the Nobel candidacy. Since 1916 he had nominated others for the Nobel Peace Prize, yet none received the prize. Born the son of a military engineer, his grandfather, Christian Christoph Andreas Lange, was an activist, historian, and editor, which impacted his life. After graduating from the local schools in 1887, he entered classes at the University of Oslo majoring in French and English along with history, graduating with a Master of Arts degree in 1893. His studies had taken him to England and France. While teaching in secondary schools in Oslo, he earned in 1919 his PhD with a thesis on internationalism. In 1899 he first experienced involvement in international situations after he was appointed secretary of the committee on arrangements for the Conference of the Inter-parliamentary Union to be held that year in Oslo. He was known for his organizational skills, tact, personal magnetism, and a character that elicited trust. The next year he was appointed the first paid secretary to the Norwegian Parliament's Nobel Committee and the nascent Norwegian Nobel Institute. Besides, his general secretarial duties, he was expected to formulate the annual meeting's agenda, meet with group from various countries, prove publications before printing, and be the ways-and-means chairman. He often gave lectures on the achievements and needs of the institute. After resigning from this position in 1909, he served as an adviser to the Institute from then until 1933, and from 1934 until his death as a member of the Nobel Committee. During this time, he was the Norwegian technical delegate to the Second Hague Peace Conference. Looking upon the Norwegian Nobel Institute as a "scientific institution, a peace laboratory, and a breeding place for ideas and plans for improved international relations," he was involved with the planning of the Institute's building, which opened in 1905, and the library, which opened in 1904. He was a liberal thinker believing in free speech, free trade, universal suffrage, the mobility of labor and the workers' right to organize. He was an expert on the complicated subjects of arbitration and control of armament. In 1919 he published his first volume on the history of pacifist doctrine surveys from the antiquity period to the period immediately after World War I, " Histoire de l'internationalisme." With the first chapters written by him shortly before his death, Volume II, was completed and published in 1954 by August Schou, a later director of the Norwegian Nobel Institute. Volume III was researched and written by Schou in 1963. He was the Norwegian delegate to the League of Nations. He married and the couple had three sons and a daughter. During World War II and the occupation of Norway by Nazi Force, his daughter, a school teacher, and her husband were part of the resistance movement, were captured and sent to a concentration camp. She became ill while there, hospitalized and died. All three of his sons have been in politics. In 1932 he received the Grotius Medal of the Netherlands. He died one day after the seventeenth anniversary of his being awarded the Nobel Peace Prize. Before World War II, he said, "Europe cannot survive another world war." It did but at a great price.